CAUSES OF BRAIN DRAIN

Throughout the centuries, people have migrated from their home country to another country. While in the past, causes of these migrations were wars and unemployment, in recent years, people have begun to migrate for other reasons: brain drain which can be defined as the migration of well educated , well qualified and intelligent people who live in less developed countries into developed countries is the new trend. Some factors that encourage such migration, can be classified as low salaries and lack of work facilities.

When we think of the reason for brain drain, without any doubt, the low salary that the skilled people receive in their home country stands out as the most common one. Companies in developing countries operate on the basis of low salaries so workers are not encouraged to work and they do not want to pursue a career in their own country. Because of low salaries, people cannot meet the needs of not only their family but also themselves. Besides, people who do not make /earn enough money resort to migration owing to concerns about the future. They want to address the needs of their households completely. However , this is not possible in their own countries so they prefer to migrate in order to attain better living conditions with high salaries.  Governments ignore economic problems that are caused by brain drain. They fail to implement / carry out reforms to revive the national economy. In response to low salaries, governments continue to increase taxes; high taxes also lead to brain drain because after people pay the taxes, they do not have sufficient money left .

The other reason why educated people migrate is inappropriate work facilities. Well qualified people’s goals are producing new and useful things or creating new technology. Thus, they need  very different kinds of material and equipment. In case of lack of required equipment, these skilled people become useless ; they are disappointed because they cannot do the work which they want. Besides, according to them, it is impossible to attain job satisfaction in their own country because they do not get a promotion after many years of sacrifice in their  careers inasmuch as their top managers  may not practice work ethnics. As a result of these situations, they prefer to become expatriates instead of being doomed to unhealthy work facilities. Thanks to this preference, their motivation is high, which entails job satisfaction and business expertise.

To sum up, low salaries and lack of work opportunities bring about brain drain. Measures should be taken by governments to prevent brain drain. Unless governments introduce new innovations such as economic reforms and develop a plan for work facilities, the rate of brain drain will continue to increase.